Foundation of the Swiss Confederation

The Union of Three Cantons Changes History

In the summer of 1291, representatives from three cantons—Uri, Schwyz, and Unterwalden—gathered in a valley surrounded by mountains. These were people living in harsh conditions, surrounded by powerful neighbors like the Duchy of Austria. They felt increasing pressure and the threat of losing their autonomy. They knew that if they wanted to survive, they had to unite their forces and create a unified front against external enemies.

During the meeting, they agreed to form a defensive alliance. This pact, known as the Rütlischwur, was meant to ensure that the cantons would support each other in times of threat. It was not an easy decision, but it was necessary. The union of the three cantons was a symbolic step towards protecting their freedoms and rights. It was also a response to the political instability in the region, which threatened their independence.

This alliance laid the foundation for the modern Swiss state. In the following centuries, more cantons joined this confederation, gradually expanding Switzerland. Today, this event is celebrated as Swiss Independence Day, commemorating the courage and determination of those who decided to join forces for a common future.